Mr Erdogan's top military aide Col Ali Yazici is among those now in custody.
The overall death toll for the weekend violence has risen to 290, the foreign ministry said. More than 100 of those were participating in the coup.
Security forces are reported to have met resistance from some coup plotters who were being arrested.
Warning shots were fired at Istanbul's second largest airport, and also at a military base in central Konya province, unnamed officials said.
(BBC News)