The 23 year old pacer becomes the 129th Sri Lankan Test player.
He was handed his Test cap before the start of play by former Sri Lanka fast bowler and present fast bowling coach Champaka Ramanayake.
Chameera played in three ODIs including two in the 2015 World Cup and will replace Nuwan Pradeep.
Meanwhile, Tharindu Kaushal who has appeared in one Test against New Zealand last year comes in place of injured off-spinner Dilruwan Perera.
Pakistan, which is playing an unchanged side won the toss and decided to bat first. They are currently leading the three-match series 1-0 after winning the first Test in Galle.
Teams:
Sri Lanka: Dimuth Karunaratne, Kaushal Silva, Kumar Sangakkara, Lahiru Thirimanne, Angelo Mathews (captain), Dinesh Chandimal, Kithuruwan Vithanage, Dhammika Prasad, Rangana Herath, Tharindu Kaushal, Dushmantha Chameera.
Pakistan: Ahmed Shehzad, Mohammad Hafeez, Azhar Ali, Younis Khan, Misbah-ul-Haq (captain), Asad Shafiq, Sarfraz Ahmed, Wahab Riaz, Junaid Khan, Yasir Shah, Zulfiqar Babar.
Umpires: Richard Illingworth (England), Sunderam Ravi (India), TV umpire: Paul Reiffel (Australia), Match Referee: Chris Broad (England).