The team - who have replaced India at the top - have not played a Test at home in six years for security reasons.
Pakistan, who drew their recent Test series against England, are the fifth team to top the rankings.
"For us, the number one ranking is not a destination but part of a journey," captain Misbah-ul-Haq said.
Pakistan were named the number one side after the Test between India and the West Indies at the Port of Spain was abandoned.
India are second in the rankings with 110 points, while England and Australia are in joint third place on 108 points.
(BBC Sport)